What is the symbol commonly used for groundwater discharge?

The symbol commonly used for groundwater discharge is Q. In hydrology, Q typically represents the discharge or flow rate of water, often quantified in cubic meters per second or liters per second. Groundwater discharge refers to the flow of groundwater that contributes to surface water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, or estuaries.

This convention is grounded in hydrological studies and models where various components of water movement, including surface water flow and groundwater flow, are represented with specific symbols. The use of Q to denote discharge allows for clarity and consistency in scientific communication. Understanding this symbol is fundamental for evaluating water balance, watershed management, and the interactions between groundwater and surface water systems.