What occurs when a stream reaches equilibrium?

When a stream reaches equilibrium, it becomes a self-regulating system. This state of equilibrium occurs when the sediment supply, water flow, and channel shape interact in a balanced way, allowing the stream to maintain its flow and sediment transport without significant fluctuations. In this condition, the stream can adapt to changes in the environment, such as variations in rainfall or sediment availability, thereby stabilizing over time.

In a self-regulating system, the dynamics of erosion and deposition work together to create a stable channel morphology. This means that the stream neither cuts into its banks excessively nor silt up completely, allowing it to continue to flow efficiently. Understanding this equilibrium helps in managing waterways, predicting how they will respond to changes, and preserving their ecological health.